Xuzhou
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Xuzhou | |
| — Prefecture-level city — | |
| Chinese transcription(s) | |
| - Chinese | 徐州 |
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| - Pinyin | Xúzhōu |
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  Xuzhou
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| Coordinates: 34°16′N 117°10′E / 34.267°N 117.167°E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Jiangsu |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Cao Xinping (曹新平) |
| Area | |
| - Prefecture-level city | 11,258 km2 (4,346.7 sq mi) |
| Population (2007) | |
| - Prefecture-level city | 9,409,500 |
| - Urban | 1,829,300 |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | 221000(Urban center), 221000, 221000, 221000(Other areas) |
| Area code(s) | 516 |
| GDP | ¥200.7 billion (2008) |
| GDP per capita | ¥23,069 (2008) |
| Major Nationalities | Han |
| County-level divisions | 11 |
| Township-level divisions | 157 |
| License Plate Prefix | 苏C |
| Website | http://www.Xuzhou.gov.cn |
Xuzhou (Chinese: 徐州; pinyin: Xúzhōu; Postal Map Spelling: Hsuchow), known as Pengcheng (Chinese: 彭城; pinyin: PéngChéng) in ancient times, is the fourth largest prefecture-level city in Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China. It is known for its convenient location as a transportation hub in northern Jiangsu, as it has expressways and railway links connecting directly to the provinces of Henan and Shandong, the neighbouring city of Lianyungang, as well as the economic hub Shanghai.
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[edit] Administration
The prefecture-level city of Xuzhou administers eleven county-level divisions, including five districts, two county-level cities and four counties.
- Yunlong District (云龙区)
- Gulou District (鼓楼区)
- Jiuli District (九里区)
- Jiawang District (贾汪区)
- Quanshan District (泉山区)
- Pizhou City (邳州市)
- Xinyi City (新沂市)
- Tongshan County (铜山县)
- Suining County (睢宁县)
- Pei County (沛县)
- Feng County (丰县)
These are further divided into 157 township-level divisions.
[edit] Geography and climate
Xuzhou is located in the southeast of North China Plain. The area of Xuzhou usually experiences short springs and autumns, and the summers are very long and sun scorching hot, with relatively cold winters, and there is a lower than average level of precipitation.
[edit] Education
[edit] Universities and colleges
- China University of Mining & Technology (中国矿业大学)
- Xuzhou Medical College (徐州医学院)
- Xuzhou Normal University (徐州师范大学)
[edit] Schools
- Xuzhou No.1 Middle School (徐州市第一中学)
- Xuzhou No.3 Middle School (徐州市第三中学)
- Xuzhou No.5 Middle School (徐州市第五中学)
[edit] History
In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Xuzhou was in the land inhabited by the Dongyi or Huaiyi peoples who constantly warred with the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Xuzhou was a collection of small farming/fishing villages and towns, part of the border region between the Chu (state), Wu (state) and Qi (state). It was originally a capital of the Dongyi State of Xu but was exterminated by the the State of Wu in 512 BC. In turn, Wu was conquered by the State of Yue a few decades later. Chu gradually expanded its influence around Xuzhou after absorbing the nearby State of Cai in 447 BC and the conquest of the State of Yue in 334 BC. By the Warring States Period, it was firmly in cultural and administrative sphere of Chu. Liu Bang was born in one of Xuzhou's counties, Pei County. The Xuzhou region was called Huaiyang during the Zhou Dynasty since the Huai River crosses the area. The state of Chu moved to this area after the Qin army captured the old capital, Ying, in modern Jingzhou, Hubei.
At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Xuzhou became part of the Kingdom of Chu, a principality ruled by relatives of the royal Liu family. Initially, Liu Bang allowed his relatives to rule parts of the country since they were assumed to be the most trustworthy. However, the Kingdom of Chu under third generation ruler Liu Wu rebelled against the central authority during the Rebellion of the Seven Princes and was defeated. His tomb was recently excavated near Xuzhou.
After the Yellow River started to change course in the Song Dynasty, when heavy silting at the Yellow River mouth forced the river to channel its flow to the lower Huai River tributary, the region has since become barren due to persistent flooding, nutrient depletion and salination of the once fertile soil.The area was the site of the final critical battle in the Chinese Civil War, the Huaihai Campaign in 1948-49.
The disastrous capitulation of Chiang Kai-shek at Xuzhou (Hsüchow) led eventually to the fall of Nanking.
[edit] Scenic spots
Xuzhou Huang Floor In urban ancient Yellow River Promenade in Xuzhou, a towering double eaves of the Antique tower. This is the 1988 restoration of the Yellow House. The history of the yellow home is 900 years ago Xuzhou mayor Sushi led people to overcome floods in Xuzhou, in the Song Shenzong yuan Harvest (1078) in Xuzhou City in August on the construction of the East Gate. Because soil can grams of water, painted loess, named Huang floor. There are many inscriptions yellow building, the most famous of them to write a few Suzhesuan, Su Shi wrote the book "Yellow House Fu." "Yellow House to celebrate the" Ancient Eight Sights has become one of Xuzhou.
QuanShan Forest Park QuanShanForest Park is national forest parks around the city of Xuzhou the main scenic areas, in the urban area, the south, a total area of 3500 Ms acres.QuanShan by five peaks form, also known as "wulaofeng" for the first Pengcheng Hill. Park beautiful natural landscape, flora and fauna is rich in resources, Fitch said, "" Natural Oxygen-bar, a "Green, Ki, Sau, unseen, Wild" features, have been established in recent years for the provincial environmental education and popular science education bases.
Guishan Han Tomb Guishan Han Tomb is the tomb for Liu Zhu and his wife, the sixth Prince and Princess of Chu State (128-116 BC. on authority). The tomb was dug according to the shape of the mountain and the south chambers were designed for Liu Zhu while the north ones were designed for his wife. The tomb was dug from two opposite directions and joined inside the middle of the hill. The hatch of the tomb is on the west side of Guishan Hill and its shape is similar to that of a trumpet. There’re two passages of the tomb and each one is 56 meters long, 1.78 meters high and 1.06 meters wide and the maximum deviation is only 5 millimeters.
Lion Hill Tomb of Chu King The Lion Hill Tomb is dug for Liu Wu, the third Prince of Chu State who lived in the early Western Han Dynasty. The terracotta warriors and horses discovered 300 meters away to the west is a part of this tomb which represents the army forces protecting the tomb. After the discovery of the terracotta warriors and horses, the archaeologists were discovering the Chu King Tomb from December 1994 to March 1995. The tomb is 117 meters long and covers an area of 851 square kilometers. The tomb is consisted of four parts: outer passage, inner passage, dooryard and the chambers. The scope of this tomb is so great and the tomb’s extensive vigor is unique too. All of these factors mentioned above create this peculiarly structured tomb. The big chambers contained nearly 2000 pieces of the precious cultural relics made of gold, silver, bronze, iron, jade, stone and pottery. More than 200 pieces of jade articles are even more invaluable and could be regarded as national treasures. It is especially precious that the scientists and experts recovered the image of Chu King who lived 2100 years ago according to his skeletons in the tomb.
[edit] Transport
Xuzhou Airport serves the area with scheduled passenger flights to major airports in China including Beijing and Shanghai.
[edit] Sister Cities
Saint-Etienne, France (March 27, 1984)
Handa, Japan (May 27, 1993)
Newark, New Jersey, U.S. (April 21, 1993)
Leoben, Austria (August 29, 1994)
Bochum, Germany (September 16, 1994)
Greater Dandenong, Australia (September 12, 1996)
Osasco, Brazil- Trumbull, Connecticut, USA
Kirovograd, Ukraine (August 31, 1996)
Ryazan, Russia (May 3, 1998)- Erfurt, Germany (November 26, 2005)
Lanciano, Italy (August 27, 2006)
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Government website of Xuzhou (in Simplified Chinese)
- Xuzhou city guide with open directory (Jiangsu.NET)
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