List of second cities

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article or section has multiple issues. Please help improve the article or discuss these issues on the talk page. Its neutrality is disputed. Tagged since January 2008. It may contain original research or unverifiable claims. Tagged since January 2008. Its neutrality or factuality may be compromised by weasel words. Tagged since January 2008. Its lead section requires expansion. Tagged since October 2008.

Contents 1 Australia 2 Canada 3 China 4 Egypt 5 Ireland 6 Japan 7 Mexico 8 Northern Ireland 9 Philippines 10 Poland 11 United Kingdom 12 United States 13 Scotland 14 South Africa 15 South Korea 16 Turkey 17 See also 18 References

[edit] Australia

Melbourne has the second largest population of Australian cities behind Sydney, and is regarded as Australia's second city. This is despite the fact that Canberra is the official capital of Australia.

[edit] Canada

The city of Montreal, is considered Canada's second city behind Toronto, despite Ottawa being the Nation's capital.

[edit] China

Shanghai is often considered China's second city, after Beijing^[1].

[edit] Egypt

Alexandria is the second city of Egypt. It is the country's largest port, and second largest city by population. It was also the capital in Egypt from 332 BC (Founded by Alexander the Great) to 641 AD, when Egypt fell in the hands to the Arabs from the Byzantine empire, the Arabs then moved the Capital to Fustat, and later to the present day capital Cairo.

[edit] Ireland

Cork is considered the second city of the Republic of Ireland, after the capital Dublin.^[2]

[edit] Japan

Osaka is often considered the second city of Japan, after Tokyo.

[edit] Mexico

From colonial times,^[3] and until the beginning of the 20th century,^[4] Puebla was considered the second city in Mexico; it was the first to industrialize and the second most important cultural and academic centre.^[5] Throughout the 20th century, Guadalajara has been traditionally considered the second city given its initial rapid industrialization^[6], population growth, and cultural influence.

[edit] Northern Ireland

The capital city of Northern Ireland is Belfast. The second city of Northern Ireland is Derry. Until 2002 Northern Ireland's only other city was Armagh, the ecclesiastical capital of the island of Ireland. That year, Queen Elizabeth granted city status to Lisburn and Newry.^[7]

[edit] Philippines

Cebu City is regarded at the Philippines' second city because of its economic prominence and prevalence as an international tourist destination outside of Metro Manila.^[8]

[edit] Poland

Poland's second city is Kraków, which is the second most populous city in Poland after the capital, Warsaw, historical capital of Poland (until 1596) and an important cultural centre. Earlier, Łódź could be considered Poland's second — it served as a de facto capital in a brief post-WWII period, was the second most populous city until 2007 (dropped behind Kraków because of negative population growth rate) and a major centre of textile industry (and declined heavily after the fall of People's Republic of Poland).

[edit] United Kingdom

Since the formation of the UK, Dublin,^[9] Bristol,^[10] Glasgow,^[11] and Liverpool^[12] have all been identified as the second city by various sources, and indeed Glasgow was often described as the second city of the entire British Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries due to its industrial prowess and importance..^[13]

Birmingham, the second-largest city both by geographical size and population, was described as the second city of the UK since around the First World War.^[14][15][16] More recently, many sources have claimed that Manchester deserves the distinction,^[17][18] and it has often been described as the second city in published media and public opinion polls.^{[19][20][21][22]}

[edit] United States

In the United States, the term has long been a nickname for Chicago. A.J.Liebling coined the "Second City" phrase and applied it to Chicago to highlight his opinion of the city as being culturally second to New York.^[23] The nickname is used to indicate Chicago's second ranking in many areas as well as Chicago's ongoing intention to be number one.^[24]. Chicago had been the second largest urban area in the US after New York City, before being overtaken by Los Angeles. Due to Chicago's population having been second to New York for many years, the Second City nickname is also associated with the population status of Chicago.

[edit] Scotland

The capital city of Scotland is Edinburgh, having been so since 1437. However, the largest city in Scotland in terms of population is Glasgow. After the Irish War of Independence, Dublin's victorian nickname as the "Second City of the Empire," was eventually passed on to Glasgow. (the first city in this context being London).^[25]

[edit] South Africa

Durban and Cape Town are both considered the second city of South Africa. Durban International Airport, however, does not handle as much traffic as Cape Town International Airport. Moreover, Durban does not function as either a provincial or national capital as Cape Town does, and is not as economically strong as Cape Town.^[26]

[edit] South Korea

Busan is considered to be the second city of the Republic of Korea after Seoul.

[edit] Turkey

Istanbul is regarded as Turkey's second city, after the capital of Ankara because it is the economic centre of the Country, it is also the largest city in Turkey, and it was the former capital of The Roman Empire (330–395), after Constantine The Great. refounded the city Byzantium to Nova Roma The Byzantine Empire (395-1204)( 1261–1453) (then known as Constantinople), The Latin empire (1204- 1261) the Ottoman empire (1453- 1918) Officially renamed Istanbul from 1930 and onwards.

[edit] See also

• List of countries whose capital is not their largest city
• List of largest cities and second largest cities by country
• List of countries with multiple capitals
• Satellite city

[edit] References