List of sovereign states in 2008
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sovereign states by year · List of sovereign states in 2007 · Events of 2008 · List of sovereign states in 2009
This is a list of every sovereign state that existed in the year 2008 AD and their capitals. It includes not only those states which had widespread international recognition, but also those states which were generally unrecognized. In addition, it includes all non-sovereign territories which were not integral parts of sovereign states.
| Contents: | Internationally recognized sovereign states: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V Y Z Other states Non-Sovereign Territories: Australia - Denmark - France - Netherlands - New Zealand - Norway - United Kingdom - United States See also - Notes - External links |
|---|
[edit] Internationally recognized sovereign states
In 2008, there were 193 states which were diplomatically recognized by a majority of sovereign states. United Nations member states are indicated by [UN].
[edit] A
Afghanistan - Islamic Republic of Afghanistan [UN]
Capital: Kabul
Albania - Republic of Albania [UN]
Capital: Tirana
Algeria - People's Democratic Republic of Algeria [UN]
Capital: Algiers
Andorra - Principality of Andorra [UN]
Capital: Andorra la Vella
Angola - Republic of Angola [UN]
Capital: Luanda
Antigua and Barbuda [UN]
Capital: St. John's
Argentina - Argentine Republic [UN][1]
Capital: Buenos Aires
Armenia - Republic of Armenia [UN]
Capital: Yerevan
Australia - Commonwealth of Australia [UN]
Capital: Canberra
Austria - Republic of Austria [UN]
Capital: Vienna
Azerbaijan - Republic of Azerbaijan [UN]
Capital: Baku
[edit] B
The Bahamas - Commonwealth of the Bahamas [UN]
Capital: Nassau
Bahrain - Kingdom of Bahrain [UN]
Capital: Manama
Bangladesh - People's Republic of Bangladesh [UN]
Capital: Dhaka
Barbados [UN]
Capital: Bridgetown
Belarus - Republic of Belarus [UN]
Capital: Minsk
Belgium - Kingdom of Belgium [UN]
Capital: Brussels
Belize [UN]
Capital: Belmopan
Benin - Republic of Benin [UN]
Capital: Porto-Novo (official), Cotonou (seat of government)
Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan [UN]
Capital: Thimphu
Bolivia - Republic of Bolivia [UN]
Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative)
Bosnia and Herzegovina [UN]
Capital: Sarajevo
Botswana - Republic of Botswana [UN]
Capital: Gaborone
Brazil - Federative Republic of Brazil [UN]
Capital: Brasília
Brunei - State of Brunei, Abode of Peace [UN]
Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
Bulgaria - Republic of Bulgaria [UN]
Capital: Sofia
Burkina Faso [UN]
Capital: Ouagadougou
Burundi - Republic of Burundi [UN]
Capital: Bujumbura
[edit] C
Cambodia - Kingdom of Cambodia [UN]
Capital: Phnom Penh
Cameroon - Republic of Cameroon [UN]
Capital: Yaoundé
Canada [UN]
Capital: Ottawa
Cape Verde - Republic of Cape Verde [UN]
Capital: Praia
Central African Republic [UN]
Capital: Bangui
Chad - Republic of Chad [UN]
Capital: N'Djamena
Chile - Republic of Chile [UN][1]
Capital: Santiago (official), Valparaíso (legislative)
China - People's Republic of China [UN]
Capital: Beijing
Colombia - Republic of Colombia [UN]
Capital: Bogotá
Comoros - Union of the Comoros [UN]
Capital: Moroni
Congo, Democratic Republic of the [UN]
Capital: Kinshasa
Congo, Republic of the [UN]
Capital: Brazzaville
Costa Rica - Republic of Costa Rica [UN]
Capital: San José
Côte d'Ivoire - Republic of Côte d'Ivoire [UN]
Capital: Yamoussoukro (official), Abidjan (seat of government)
Croatia - Republic of Croatia [UN]
Capital: Zagreb
Cuba - Republic of Cuba [UN]
Capital: Havana
Cyprus - Republic of Cyprus [UN]
Capital: Nicosia
Czech Republic [UN]
Capital: Prague
.svg){kind=small}
[edit] D
Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark [UN]
Capital: Copenhagen
Djibouti - Republic of Djibouti [UN]
Capital: Djibouti
Dominica - Commonwealth of Dominica [UN]
Capital: Roseau
Dominican Republic [UN]
Capital: Santo Domingo
[edit] E
Ecuador - Republic of Ecuador [UN]
Capital: Quito
Egypt - Arab Republic of Egypt [UN]
Capital: Cairo
El Salvador - Republic of El Salvador [UN]
Capital: San Salvador
Equatorial Guinea - Republic of Equatorial Guinea [UN]
Capital: Malabo
Eritrea - State of Eritrea [UN]
Capital: Asmara
Estonia - Republic of Estonia [UN]
Capital: Tallinn
Ethiopia - Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia [UN]
Capital: Addis Ababa
[edit] F
Fiji - Republic of the Fiji Islands [UN]
Capital: Suva
Finland - Republic of Finland [UN]
Capital: Helsinki
France - French Republic [UN]
Capital: Paris
[edit] G
Gabon - Gabonese Republic [UN]
Capital: Libreville
The Gambia - Republic of the Gambia [UN]
Capital: Banjul
Georgia [UN]
Capital: Tbilisi
Germany - Federal Republic of Germany [UN]
Capital: Berlin
Ghana - Republic of Ghana [UN]
Capital: Accra
Greece - Hellenic Republic [UN]
Capital: Athens
Grenada [UN]
Capital: St. George's
Guatemala - Republic of Guatemala [UN]
Capital: Guatemala City
Guinea - Republic of Guinea [UN]
Capital: Conakry
Guinea-Bissau - Republic of Guinea-Bissau [UN]
Capital: Bissau
Guyana - Co-operative Republic of Guyana [UN]
Capital: Georgetown
[edit] H
Haiti - Republic of Haiti [UN]
Capital: Port-au-Prince
Honduras - Republic of Honduras [UN]
Capital: Tegucigalpa
Hungary - Republic of Hungary [UN]
Capital: Budapest
[edit] I
Iceland - Republic of Iceland [UN]
Capital: Reykjavík
India - Republic of India [UN]
Capital: New Delhi
Indonesia - Republic of Indonesia [UN]
Capital: Jakarta
Iran - Islamic Republic of Iran [UN]
Capital: Tehran
Iraq - Republic of Iraq [UN]
Capital: Baghdad
Ireland - Republic of Ireland [UN]
Capital: Dublin
Israel - State of Israel [UN]
Capital: Jerusalem
Italy - Italian Republic [UN]
Capital: Rome
[edit] J
Jamaica [UN]
Capital: Kingston
Japan [UN]
Capital: Tokyo
Jordan - Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan [UN]
Capital: Amman
[edit] K
Kazakhstan - Republic of Kazakhstan [UN]
Capital: Astana
Kenya - Republic of Kenya [UN]
Capital: Nairobi
Kiribati - Republic of Kiribati [UN]
Capital: South Tarawa
Korea, North - Democratic People's Republic of Korea [UN]
Capital: Pyongyang
Korea, South - Republic of Korea [UN]
Capital: Seoul
Kuwait - State of Kuwait [UN]
Capital: Kuwait City
Kyrgyzstan - Kyrgyz Republic [UN]
Capital: Bishkek
[edit] L
Laos - Lao People's Democratic Republic [UN]
Capital: Vientiane
Latvia - Republic of Latvia [UN]
Capital: Riga
Lebanon - Lebanese Republic [UN]
Capital: Beirut
Lesotho - Kingdom of Lesotho [UN]
Capital: Maseru
Liberia - Republic of Liberia [UN]
Capital: Monrovia
Libya - Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya [UN]
Capital: Tripoli
Liechtenstein - Principality of Liechtenstein [UN]
Capital: Vaduz
Lithuania - Republic of Lithuania [UN]
Capital: Vilnius
Luxembourg - Grand Duchy of Luxembourg [UN]
Capital: Luxembourg
[edit] M
Macedonia - Republic of Macedonia [UN][2]
Capital: Skopje
Madagascar - Republic of Madagascar [UN]
Capital: Antananarivo
Malawi - Republic of Malawi [UN]
Capital: Lilongwe
Malaysia [UN]
Capital: Kuala Lumpur (official), Putrajaya (administrative)
Maldives - Republic of Maldives [UN]
Capital: Malé
Mali - Republic of Mali [UN]
Capital: Bamako
Malta - Republic of Malta [UN]
Capital: Valletta
Marshall Islands - Republic of the Marshall Islands (In free association with the United States) [UN]
Capital: Majuro
Mauritania - Islamic Republic of Mauritania [UN]
Capital: Nouakchott
Mauritius - Republic of Mauritius [UN]
Capital: Port Louis
Mexico - United Mexican States [UN]
Capital: Mexico City
Micronesia - Federated States of Micronesia (In free association with the United States) [UN]
Capital: Palikir
Moldova - Republic of Moldova [UN]
Capital: Chişinău
Monaco - Principality of Monaco [UN]
Capital: Monaco
Mongolia [UN]
Capital: Ulan Bator
Montenegro [UN]
Capital: Podgorica
Morocco - Kingdom of Morocco [UN]
Capital: Rabat
Mozambique - Republic of Mozambique [UN]
Capital: Maputo
Myanmar - Union of Myanmar [UN]
Capital: Naypyidaw
[edit] N
Namibia - Republic of Namibia [UN]
Capital: Windhoek
Nauru - Republic of Nauru [UN]
Capital: Yaren (unofficial)
Nepal [UN]
Capital: Kathmandu
Netherlands - Kingdom of the Netherlands [UN]
Capital: Amsterdam (official), The Hague (seat of government)
New Zealand [UN]
Capital: Wellington
Nicaragua - Republic of Nicaragua [UN]
Capital: Managua
Niger - Republic of Niger [UN]
Capital: Niamey
Nigeria - Federal Republic of Nigeria [UN]
Capital: Abuja
Norway - Kingdom of Norway [UN]
Capital: Oslo
[edit] O
[edit] P
Pakistan - Islamic Republic of Pakistan [UN]
Capital: Islamabad
Palau - Republic of Palau (In free association with the United States) [UN]
Capital: Melekeok
Panama - Republic of Panama [UN]
Capital: Panama City
Papua New Guinea - Independent State of Papua New Guinea [UN]
Capital: Port Moresby
Paraguay - Republic of Paraguay [UN]
Capital: Asunción
Peru - Republic of Peru [UN]
Capital: Lima
Philippines - Republic of the Philippines [UN]
Capital: Manila
Poland - Republic of Poland [UN]
Capital: Warsaw
Portugal - Portuguese Republic [UN]
Capital: Lisbon
[edit] Q
[edit] R
Romania [UN]
Capital: Bucharest
Russia - Russian Federation [UN]
Capital: Moscow
Rwanda - Republic of Rwanda [UN]
Capital: Kigali
[edit] S
Saint Kitts and Nevis - Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis [UN]
Capital: Basseterre
Saint Lucia [UN]
Capital: Castries
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [UN]
Capital: Kingstown
Samoa - Independent State of Samoa [UN]
Capital: Apia
San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino [UN]
Capital: City of San Marino
São Tomé and Príncipe - Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe [UN]
Capital: São Tomé
Saudi Arabia - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [UN]
Capital: Riyadh
Senegal - Republic of Senegal [UN]
Capital: Dakar
Serbia - Republic of Serbia [UN]
Capital: Belgrade
Seychelles - Republic of Seychelles [UN]
Capital: Victoria
Sierra Leone - Republic of Sierra Leone [UN]
Capital: Freetown
Singapore - Republic of Singapore [UN]
Capital: Singapore
Slovakia - Slovak Republic [UN]
Capital: Bratislava
Slovenia - Republic of Slovenia [UN]
Capital: Ljubljana
Solomon Islands [UN]
Capital: Honiara
Somalia - Republic of Somalia [UN]
Capital: Mogadishu
South Africa - Republic of South Africa [UN]
Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)
Spain - Kingdom of Spain [UN]
Capital: Madrid
Sri Lanka - Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka [UN]
Capital: Colombo
Sudan - Republic of the Sudan [UN]
Capital: Khartoum
Suriname - Republic of Suriname [UN]
Capital: Paramaribo
Swaziland - Kingdom of Swaziland [UN]
Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (legislative)
Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden [UN]
Capital: Stockholm
Switzerland - Swiss Confederation [UN]
Capital: Bern
Syria - Syrian Arab Republic [UN]
Capital: Damascus
[edit] T
Tajikistan - Republic of Tajikistan [UN]
Capital: Dushanbe
Tanzania - United Republic of Tanzania - Dodoma [UN]
Capital: Dodoma (official), Dar es Salaam (seat of government)
Thailand - Kingdom of Thailand [UN]
Capital: Bangkok
Timor-Leste - Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste [UN][3]
Capital: Dili
Togo - Togolese Republic [UN]
Capital: Lomé
Tonga - Kingdom of Tonga [UN]
Capital: Nukuʻalofa
Trinidad and Tobago - Republic of Trinidad and Tobago [UN]
Capital: Port of Spain
Tunisia - Republic of Tunisia [UN]
Capital: Tunis
Turkey - Republic of Turkey [UN]
Capital: Ankara
Turkmenistan [UN]
Capital: Ashgabat
Tuvalu [UN]
Capital: Funafuti
[edit] U
Uganda - Republic of Uganda [UN]
Capital: Kampala
Ukraine [UN]
Capital: Kiev
United Arab Emirates [UN]
Capital: Abu Dhabi
United Kingdom - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [UN]
Capital: London
United States - United States of America [UN]
Capital: Washington, D.C.
Uruguay - Eastern Republic of Uruguay [UN]
Capital: Montevideo
Uzbekistan - Republic of Uzbekistan [UN]
Capital: Tashkent
[edit] V
Vanuatu - Republic of Vanuatu [UN]
Capital: Port Vila
Vatican City - State of the Vatican City
Capital: Vatican City
Venezuela - Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela [UN]
Capital: Caracas
Vietnam - Socialist Republic of Vietnam [UN]
Capital: Hanoi
[edit] Y
[edit] Z
Zambia - Republic of Zambia [UN]
Capital: Lusaka
Zimbabwe - Republic of Zimbabwe [UN]
Capital: Harare
[edit] Other states
In 2008, there were eleven states which were not recognized as sovereign by a majority of countries.
Abkhazia - Republic of Abkhazia
Capital: Sukhumi- De facto independent state. Claimed by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. Recognized by Nicaragua (from September 5), Russia (from August 25), South Ossetia, and Transnistria.
Anjouan - Autonomous Island of Anjouan (to March 26)
Capital: Mutsamudu- De facto independent state. Not recognized by any other state. Claimed by the Comoros.
Kosovo - Republic of Kosovo (from February 17)
Capital: Pristina- De facto independent state. Recognized by several UN Member states and the Republic of China. Claimed by Serbia as the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija.
Nagorno-Karabakh - Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
Capital: Stepanakert- De facto independent state. Not recognized by any other state. Claimed by Azerbaijan.
Northern Cyprus - Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
Capital: Nicosia- De facto independent state. Recognised only by Turkey. Claimed by Cyprus.
Palestine
Capital: Ramallah (administrative), Gaza City (administrative), Jerusalem (claimed)- The Palestinian territories were partially controlled by Israel and partially under control of the Palestinian National Authority, a self governing entity which had diplomatic relations with several UN member states. The Palestinian Liberation Organization was an observer at the UN.
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Capital: Bir Lehlou (official), Rabouni (seat of government-in-exile), El Aaiún (claimed)- De facto independent state recognized by several UN member states. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, were claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claimed the part of the Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resided in exile in Algeria.
Somaliland - Republic of Somaliland
Capital: Hargeisa- De facto independent state. Not recognized by any other state. Claimed by Somalia.
South Ossetia - Republic of South Ossetia
Capital: Tskhinvali- De facto independent state. Claimed by Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia. Recognized by Abkhazia, Nicaragua (from September 5), Russia (from August 25), and Transnistria.
Taiwan - Republic of China[4]
Capital: Taipei- De facto independent state; de jure the Republic of China, a polity regarded by the People's Republic of China to be its defunct (and no longer legitimate) predecessor state. In addition to Taiwan, the Republic of China also governed part of the Spratly Islands and had not renounced claims over mainland China and Mongolia. The territory of the Republic of China was claimed by the People's Republic of China.
Transnistria - Transnistrian Moldovan Republic
Capital: Tiraspol- De facto independent state. Recognized only by Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Claimed by Moldova.
[edit] Non-Sovereign Territories
[edit] Australia
- Ashmore and Cartier Islands - Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Uninhabited external territory)
- Australian Antarctic Territory (Uninhabited external territory)[1]
Christmas Island - Territory of Christmas Island (External territory)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands - Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (External territory)- Coral Sea Islands - Coral Sea Islands Territory (Uninhabited external territory)
- Heard Island and McDonald Islands - Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited external territory)
Norfolk Island - Territory of Norfolk Island (External territory)
_Islands.svg){kind=small}
[edit] Denmark
Faroe Islands (Autonomous province)
Greenland (Autonomous province)
[edit] France
- Clipperton Island (Uninhabited possession)
French Polynesia (Overseas country)
French Southern and Antarctic Lands - Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Uninhabited overseas territory)[1][5]
Mayotte - Departmental Collectivity of Mayotte (Overseas collectivity)[6]- New Caledonia (sui generis collectivity)
Saint Barthélemy - Collectivity of Saint Barthélemy (Overseas collectivity)- Saint Martin - Collectivity of Saint Martin (Overseas collectivity)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon - Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Overseas collectivity)
Wallis and Futuna - Territory of Wallis and Futuna Islands (Overseas collectivity)
.svg){kind=small}
.svg){kind=small}
[edit] Netherlands
Aruba (Overseas country)
Netherlands Antilles (Overseas country)
[edit] New Zealand
Cook Islands (Self-governing state in free association with New Zealand)
Niue (Self-governing state in free association with New Zealand)- Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory)[1]
-
Tokelau (Dependent territory)
[edit] Norway
- Bouvet Island (Uninhabited possession)
- Peter I Island (Uninhabited possession)[1]
- Queen Maud Land (Uninhabited possession)[1]
[edit] United Kingdom
- Akrotiri and Dhekelia - Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Sovereign base areas administrated as a single overseas territory)
Anguilla (Overseas territory)
Bermuda (Self-governing overseas territory)
British Antarctic Territory (Uninhabited overseas territory)[1]
British Indian Ocean Territory (Uninhabited overseas territory)
British Virgin Islands (Overseas territory)
Cayman Islands (Overseas territory)
Falkland Islands (Overseas territory)[7]
Gibraltar (Overseas territory)[8]
Guernsey - Bailiwick of Guernsey (Crown dependency)
Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
Jersey - Bailiwick of Jersey (Crown dependency)
Montserrat (Overseas territory)
Pitcairn Islands - Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands (Overseas territory)
Saint Helena (Overseas territory)
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Overseas territory)[7]
Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas territory)
[edit] United States
American Samoa - Territory of American Samoa (Territory)- Baker Island (Uninhabited territory)
Guam - Territory of Guam (Territory)- Howland Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Jarvis Island (Uninhabited territory)
- Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Kingman Reef (Uninhabited territory)
- Midway Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Navassa Island (Uninhabited territory)[9]
Northern Mariana Islands - Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (Territory)- Palmyra Atoll (Uninhabited territory)
- Petrel Islands (Uninhabited territory)[10]
Puerto Rico - Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Territory)- Serranilla Bank (Uninhabited territory)[11]
United States Virgin Islands (Territory)- Wake Island (Uninhabited territory)[12]
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h Including an Antarctic claim, neither recognized nor disputed under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty System.
- ^ Referred to in the United Nations as the "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia".
- ^ Also known in English as "East Timor"
- ^ The Republic of China did not officially refer to itself as Taiwan, instead calling itself the "Republic of China" or (occasionally) the "Republic of China (Taiwan)". In international contexts, the state was sometimes known as "Chinese Taipei".
- ^ Claimed in part by Mauritius, the Comoros, Seychelles, and Madagascar
- ^ Claimed by the Comoros
- ^ a b Claimed by Argentina
- ^ Claimed by Spain
- ^ Claimed by Haiti
- ^ Claimed by Jamaica, Colombia, Nicaragua, and possibly Honduras.
- ^ Claimed indirectly by Colombia and possibly by Honduras
- ^ Claimed by the Marshall Islands
