List of first-order divisions of the ROC by population
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The following is a list of first-order divisions under effective jurisdiction of the Republic of China (Taiwan) ranked by population. Data was compiled based on the list of ROC counties and cities by population, which is in turn current as of May 31, 2006, and was sourced from the Ministry of the Interior.
| Rank | Name | Chinese name | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Taiwan Province | 臺灣省 or 台灣省 | 18,590,635 ¹ |
| 2 | Taipei City | 臺北市 or 台北市 | 2,620,693 |
| 3 | Kaohsiung City | 高雄市 | 1,511,601 |
| 4 | Fukien Province | 福建省 | 82,618 ² |
| Total | 22,805,547 |
Notes:
| 1. | Excludes the cities of Taipei and Kaohsiung, which were split off from the Taiwan Province in 1967 and 1979 respectively. |
| 2. | Covers only the modern counties of Kinmen and Lienchiang, which are under the effective jurisdiction of the Fuchien Province. |
