Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Joseph I | |
|---|---|
| Holy Roman Emperor; King of the Romans, Hungary and Bohemia [1][2] | |
 |
|
| Reign | 5 May 1705–17 April 1711 |
| Coronation | 26 January 1690 |
| Predecessor | Leopold I |
| Successor | Charles VI |
| Spouse | Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick |
| Issue | |
| Maria Josepha, Queen of Poland Archduke Leopold Joseph Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress |
|
| Father | Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Mother | Eleonore-Magdalena of Neuburg |
| Born | July 26, 1678 Vienna, Austria |
| Died | April 17, 1711 (aged 32) Vienna, Austria |
Joseph I (July 26, 1678 – April 17, 1711), Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary, King of the Romans[3][4] was the elder son of Emperor Leopold I and his third wife, Eleonore-Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg, who was the daughter of Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine.
Born in Vienna, he was educated strictly by Prince Dietrich Otto von Salm and became a good linguist. In 1687, he received the crown of Hungary and became King of the Romans on January 6, 1690.
Contents |
[edit] Emperor
In 1702, at the outbreak of the War of the Spanish Succession, he saw his only military service. He joined the imperial general, Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden, in the siege of Landau. It is said that when he was advised not to go into a place of danger, he replied that those who were afraid might retire.
He succeeded his father as emperor in 1705. It was his good fortune to govern the Austrian dominions and to be head of the Empire, during the years in which his trusted general, Prince Eugene of Savoy, either acting alone in Italy or with the Duke of Marlborough in Germany and Flanders, was beating the armies of Louis XIV of France. During the whole of his reign, Hungary was disturbed by the conflict with Francis Rákóczi II, who eventually took refuge in the Ottoman Empire. The emperor did not himself take the field against the rebels, but he is entitled to a large share of the credit for the restoration of his authority. He reversed many of the pedantically authoritative measures of his father, thus placating all opponents who could be pacified and he fought stoutly for what he believed to be his rights. Joseph showed himself very independent towards the pope and hostile to the Jesuits, by whom his father had been much influenced. He had a taste for art and music, which was almost hereditary in his family and was an active hunter. He began the attempts to settle the question of the Austrian inheritance by a pragmatic sanction, which was continued by his brother Charles VI. Joseph died in Vienna of smallpox.
[edit] Marriage and children
In 1699, he married Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick, daughter of John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. They had three children:
- Maria Josepha of Austria (December 8, 1699 - November 17, 1757). Married August III the Saxon.
- Archduke Leopold Joseph of Austria (October 29, 1700 - August 4, 1701).
- Maria Amalia of Austria (October 22, 1701 - December 11, 1756). Married Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor.
Joseph's descendants include: Louis XVI of France, Charles IV of Spain, Maria Josepha of Bavaria, who married Emperor Joseph II, and several Kings of Poland.[who?]
[edit] Ancestors
| Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor | Father: Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor |
Father's father: Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor |
Father's father's father: Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Father's father's mother: Maria Anna of Bavaria |
|||
| Father's mother: Maria Anna of Spain |
Father's mother's father: Philip III of Spain |
||
| Father's mother's mother: Margaret of Austria |
|||
| Mother: Eleonore-Magdalena of Neuburg |
Mother's father: Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine |
Mother's father's father: Wolfgang Wilhelm, Pfalzgraf von Neuburg |
|
| Mother's father's mother: Magdalene of Bavaria |
|||
| Mother's mother: Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt |
Mother's mother's father: George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt |
||
| Mother's mother's mother: Sofie Eleonore of Saxony |
[edit] Titles
Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary, King of Croatia, King of Slavonia, King of Dalmatia, Archduke of Austria, King of Germany, Duke of Teschen
[edit] See also
- Kings of Germany family tree. He was related to every other king of Germany.
[edit] References
- F. Krones von Marchiand, Grundriss der Oesterreichischen Geschichte (1882)
- F. Wagner, Historia Josephi Caesaris (1746)
- J.C. Herchenhahn, Geschichte der Regierung Kaiser Josephs I (1786—1789)
- C. van Noorden, Europäische Geschichte im achtzehnten Jahrhundert (1870—1882).
[edit] External links
- Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor in the German National Library catalogue (German)
- Joseph I.: „Regina coeli“
|
Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor
Born: 26 July 1678 Died: 17 April 1711 |
||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Leopold I |
King of Bohemia 1705 – 1711 |
Succeeded by Charles VI |
| King of Hungary[5][6] 1687 – 1711 |
||
| King in Germany (formally King of the Romans) 1690 – 1711 |
||
| Holy Roman Emperor (elect) 1705 – 1711 |
||
| Archduke of Austria 1705 – 1711 |
||
| Duke of Teschen 1705 – 1711 |
||
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor |
|
||||||||||
.svg)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
Categories: Holy Roman Emperors | House of Habsburg | German kings | Hungarian monarchs | Bohemian monarchs | Rulers of Austria | Roman Catholic monarchs | Rulers of Styria | Dukes of Carinthia | Dukes of Teschen | Counts of Tyrol | Knights of the Golden Fleece | People from Vienna | Deaths from smallpox | 1678 births | 1711 deaths | Infectious disease deaths in Austria | Bohemian princes | Hungarian princes
