Close-mid central unrounded vowel

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IPA – number	397
IPA – text	ɘ
IPA – image
Entity	ɘ
X-SAMPA	@\
Kirshenbaum	@<umd>
Sound sample (help·info)

The close-mid central unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɘ. This is a reversed letter e, and should not be confused with the schwa ə, a turned letter e. This symbol may be used with a lowering diacritic [ɘ̞], to denote the mid central unrounded vowel.

Contents 1 Features 2 Occurrence 3 References 4 Bibliography

[edit] Features

• Its vowel height is close-mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between close vowel and a mid vowel.
• Its vowel backness is central, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between a front vowel and a back vowel.
• Its vowel roundedness is unrounded, which means that the lips are not rounded.

[edit] Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
English	some Southern American dialects[1]	nut	[nɘt]	'nut'	Corresponds to /ʌ/ in other dialects. See English phonology
	New Zealand English	fish	[fɘʃ]	fish
Paicĩ		[kɘ̄ɾɘ̄]		'spider'
Russian[2]		солнце	[ˈsont͡sɘ]	'sun'	This occurs only for some speakers after /t͡s/. See Russian phonology
Zapotec	Tilquiapan[3]	ne	[nɘ]	'and'

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

• Jones, Daniel; Dennis, Ward (1969). The Phonetics of Russian. Cambridge University Press. 
• Merrill, Elizabeth (2008), "Tilquipan Zapotec", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 38 (1): 107-114 
• Roca, Iggy; Johnson, Wyn (1999). A Course in Phonology. Blackwell Publishing.