Blair House
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Blair House | |
|---|---|
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. National Historic Landmark | |
 Blair House is the official state guest house for the President of the United States.
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| Location: | 1651 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, D.C. |
| Built/Founded: | 1826 |
| Governing body: | U.S. Department of State |
| Added to NRHP: | October 15, 1966[1] |
| Designated NHL: | October 26, 1973 |
| NRHP Reference#: | 66000963 |
Blair House is the official state guest house for the President of the United States. It is located at 1651-1653 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., opposite the Old Executive Office Building of the White House, off the corner of Lafayette Park.[1][2]
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[edit] History
The main house was built in 1824 of buff colored limestone and is a late example of the Federal Style. The house was built as a private home for Joseph Lovell, eighth Surgeon General of the United States Army. In 1836 it was acquired by Francis Preston Blair, a newspaper publisher and influential advisor to President Andrew Jackson. It would remain in his family for the following century.[1][3]
In 1859, Blair built a house for his daughter and son-in-law, Elizabeth Blair Lee and Captain Samuel Phillips Lee, at 1653 Pennsylvania Avenue, next door to Blair House at 1651 Pennsylvania Avenue. Captain Lee (later an admiral) was a grandson of Richard Henry Lee and third cousin of Robert E. Lee. The houses have since been combined, and the complex is sometimes referred to as the Blair-Lee House, though Blair House is the official name today.[1][3]
In 1942 the house was purchased by the U.S. government and has since been the official residence for guests of the U.S. president. Blair House is primarily used to house foreign heads of state visiting the president, but it has also been used for domestic guests. Several presidents-elect of the United States have spent the night before their inauguration in the house. Then-President George W. Bush arranged for former First Lady Nancy Reagan to stay at the house in 2004 and receive guests there following the state funeral for her husband, former President Ronald Reagan; the same was done for former First Lady Betty Ford in 2006 following the state funeral of her husband, former president Gerald Ford.[1][2]
During much of the presidency of Harry Truman, it served as the residence of the president of the United States, while the interior of the White House, which had been found to have serious structural faults, was completely gutted and rebuilt.[1] The east and west wings of the White House, constructed in 1942 and 1902, respectively, remained in operation while the main structure was rebuilt; President Truman commuted between Blair House and the West Wing each day. On November 1, 1950, Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempted to assassinate President Truman in Blair House. The assassination was foiled, in part by White House Policeman Leslie Coffelt, who killed Torresola, but was himself killed by Torresola. A plaque at Blair House commemorates Coffelt's heroism and sacrifice.
Blair House is now a complex of four connected townhouses, including the original Blair House. During the 1980s, Blair House underwent significant restorations, with a new wing added on the north. An adjacent townhouse, Trowbridge House, is being renovated to serve as an official guest residence for former U.S. presidents while in the capital. The combined square footage of the four adjacent townhouses exceeds 70,000 square feet, making it larger than the White House.[2]
The Chief of Protocol of the United States is responsible for the operation of Blair House.
[edit] See also
- List of United States presidential residences
- Number One Observatory Circle
- Truman assassination attempt
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2006-03-15. http://www.nr.nps.gov/.
- ^ a b c "History". Blair House. 2005. http://www.blairhouse.org/history.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-04.
- ^ a b "History: The Blairs". Blair House. 2005. http://www.blairhouse.org/h_blairs.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-04.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Blair House |
- Blair House Official Website
- National Park Service: Blair House
- WETA ExploreDC.com: Blair House
- “In the Goodness of Time”: Creating the Dwight David Eisenhower Room at Blair House by Candace S. Shireman was featured in White House History #21: President Eisenhower's White House
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Coordinates: 38°53′56″N 77°02′19″W / 38.89889°N 77.03861°W
